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Rules and Regulations 

For the Government 



OF THE 



Richmond Public Schools 



WITH THE 



B Y = L A W S 



OF THE 



SCHOOL BOARD 



OF THE 



City of Richmond, Va. 



Revised and Printed August, 1907. 



^ -^"^ 



O. E. Flanhart Printing Co., 

City Printers, 

Richmond, Virginia. 

D OF D. 

^ffi SO i 909 



SCHOOL BOARD CITY OF RICHMOND 

OFFICE— Room 2, 4th Floor, City Hall. 



©fficers 



JAMES H. CAPERS Chairman 

CHAS. HUTZLER Vice-Chairman 

WM. F. FOX Superintendent 

ALBERT H. HILL Ass't Superintendent 

CHAS. P. WALFORD Clerk and Supervisor 

Crustees— FIRST DISTRICT 

R. H. CHILDREY 17th and Franklin Sts. 

W. FLOYD REAMS Box 901, City 

JOHN BAGBY 1102 E. Main St. 

SECOND DISTRICT 

F. C. EBEL UN. 9th St. 

M. D. HOGE, Jb 308 E. Grace St. 

CHARLES HUTZLER... 5i5 E. Broad St. 

THIRD DISTRICT 

JAMES H. GAPERS 1322 E. Cary St. 

ARTHUR B. CJjARKK.. Merchants Nat. Bk B'g 
J. G. CORLEY 213 E. Broad St. 

Committees 

Buildings and Furniture — Chas. H u t z 1 e r, 
Chairman ; F. C. Ebel, A. B. Clarke, J. G. Cor- 
ley. 

Regular meeting, Monday before the fourth. 
Thursday of each month at 8 P. M, 

Teachers and Schools — F. C. Ebel, Chairman; 
M. D. Hoge, Jr., W. Floyd Reams, Roland H. 
Childrey. 

Regular meeting, second Tuesday in each 
month at 6 P. M. and Tuesday before the 
fourth Thursday of each month at 8 P. M. 

Finance Committee — A. B. Clarke, Chairman; 
Chas. Hutzler, John Bagby. 

Regular meeting, Wednesday before the 
fourth Thursday of each month at 8 P. M. 

Axvard of Scholarships — M. D. Hoge, Jr., 
Chairman; F. C. Ebel, Chas. Hutzler. 

Regular meeting, before the annual closing 
exercises in June. 



RICHMOND PUBLIC SCHOOL 
BUILDINGS. 



White 



High School, 
Nicholson School, 
Iiouisiana School, 
Chiniborazo School, 
Oakwood School, 
Springfield School, 
Fairmount School, 
Bellevue School, 
Marshall School, 
Central School, 
Leigh School, 
Madison School, 
Elba School, 
West End School, 
Randolph School, 
Sidney School, 



805 E. Marshall St. 
308 Nicholson St., Fulton 
81£ Louisiana St., " 
SSrd and Marshall Sts. 
SUth and P Sts. 
26th and Leigh Sts. 
21st and T Streets 
22nd and Broad Sts. 
19th and Marshall Sts. 
A07 N. 12th Street 
1st and Leigh Streets 
Madison and Cary Sts. 
1000 W. Marshall St. 
1520 W. Main Street 
Randolph and Chaffin Sts. 
Sycamore and Cary Sts. 



Normal School, 
Fulton, 

Reidsville School, 
East End School, 
29th Street School, 
VaUey School, 
Navy Hill School, 
Raker School, 
Monroe School, 
Moore School, 
Newtown School, 
Sidney School (col. 



Colored 

12th and Leigh Streets 



29th and Streets 
13U -N. 29th Street 
15th and Marshall Sts. 
6th and Duval Streets 
St. Paul and Baker Sts. 
Leigh and St. Peter Sts, 
Ills Moore Street 
2110 Moore Street 
), Winder St., bet. Meadow 
and Carter. 



RULES AND REGULATIONS 

FOR THE 

GOVERNMENT 

OF THE 

PUBLIC SCHOOLS 

OF 

RICHMOND, VA. 
1907. 



RULES AND REGULATIONS 



For the Government of the Public 
Schools of Richmond, Va. 
1907. 



ADMISSION. 



1. Residents. — All children whose 
parents reside within the limits of the 
city, who are not otherwise disqualified 
by these regulations, and who are be- 
tween the ages of seven and twenty 
years, shall be entitled to attend the 
Public Schools of the city; provided, 
that when there is lack of accommoda- 
tions preference will be given to the 
eldest. 

Children who have completed the 
Kindergarten course and are (past) 
six years of age, or others who will 
be seven years of age during the ses- 
sion of their application may be ad- 
mitted by order of the School Board 
or by the Superintendent of Schools. 

2. Non-residents. — Parents or guard- 
ians who live beyond the corporate 
limits of the city of Richmond shall 



10 



have the privilege of sending their 
children or wards to the Public Schools 
of Richmond, and of entering them 
in any grade (above the 3B) in which 
there may be vacancies, subject to all 
the rules and regulations govern- 
ing the Public Schools of the city 
aforesaid, upon the payment of twenty 
dollars tuition, per session, in the Dis- 
trict School and forty dollars per ses- 
sion in the High School. One-half 
shall be payable September 15th, and 
the remainder on the 1st of February 
succeeding. Children below the 4A 
may be admitted by special action of 
the Board in each case. 

3. Tax Credit. — Non-resident par- 
ents, who are tax-payers on real es- 
tate situated in the city of Richmond, 
shall be credited on the amount of 
tuition to be paid by them by the 
amount of city taxes paid on such real 
estate, upon filing with the Clerk of 
the School Board a duplicate tax re- 
ceipt or certificate from the City Col- 
lector. 

Resident or non-resident guardians, 
who are tax-payers on real estate situ- 
ated in the city of Richmond for their 
ward or wards, shall be entitled to 
the same credit as non-resident par- 
ents. 

Permission for enrollment under 
sections 2 and 3 must first be given in 



11 



writing by the Clerk and Supervisor 
of the School Board. 

4. Rights of Pay Pupils. — The pro- 
visions of this law shall in no case 
be construed so as to exclude the chil- 
dren of resident parents, but when a 
child or ward of a non-resident parent 
or guardian has been duly admitted 
to the schools, and the tuition paid 
as hereinbefore provided, such child 
or ward shall not be dismissed to 
make room for the children of resident 
parents, who shall apply thereafter, un- 
til the expiration of the time for which 
the tuition has been paid and for which 
the contract was made. 

5. Pupils Confined to Districts, — ' 
Every pupil will be required to attend 
tHe school established in the district 
in which such pupil resides; provided, 
that whenever such schools are full 
the pupil may be transferred to an- 
other district. 

6. Transfers. — No pupil of one school 
shall be admitted into another dur- 
ing the same scholastic year with- 
out a transfer from his Principal, 
approved by the Superintendent. The 
name of a pupil transferred shall 
be placed on the total enrolment of, 
the school to which the transfer is 
made, whether the pupil appears or 
not. Notification of every transfer 



12 



shall be immediately forwarded to the 
Principal to whom the transfer is 
made. Each transfer shall give the 
necessary information in regard to 
vaccination, indigent books, scholar- 
ship, attendance, whether a pay pupil, 
and any other necessary information. 

ENROLMENT. 

7. Register Pupils. — The Principal 
shall instruct his teachers to register 
on the regular cards the name, age, 
residence, vaccination, and date of ad- 
mission of each pupil entered in the 
Public Schools, together with the 
name, residence, and occupation of the 
parent. But no child whose parents 
are not residents of the city shall J?e 
enrolled as a pupil of the schools un- 
til sections 2, or 3 of these regula- 
tions has been complied with. 

LIST OF NON-EESIDENTS. 

8. Principals are required to for- 
ward to the Clerk and Supervisor of 
the School Board a complete list of 
non-resident pupils, and give name, 
residence, etc., of the parent or guard- 
ian, on the prescribed form. 

SCHOOL REGISTER. 

9. Teachers shall use the School Reg- 



ister provided for the purpose, and 
record in same all cases of serious 
sickness, accidents and deaths among 
their pupils. 

HEALTH REGULATIONS. 

10. Vaccination. — Every child en- 
rolled in the public schools shall be 
properly vaccinated as attested by the 
city physician. 

In cases where the vaccination is 
not satisfactory the parents shall be 
notified and the child must be vaccinat- 
ed within five (5) days. 

If the parents claim that they are 
unable to pay for the vaccination, then 
the city physician will vaccinate the 
child without cost. 

Children who do not comply with 
the above regulation must be excluded 
from school until the same is complied 
with. 

The rules in regard to vaccination 
shall apply to principals, teachers, jani- 
tors, and janitor's families, when re- 
siding on the school premises. 

11, Contagious Diseases. — No pupil 
or teacher affected with any contag- 
ious disease shall be allowed to re- 
main in any public school; nor shall 
any pupil or teacher in the same house 
in which any contagious disease pre- 



14 

vails be allowed to attend school dur- 
ing its prevalence, except as further 
provided for in this section. 

In cases of small-pox, diphtheria, 
membranous croup, or scarlet fever: — 

(a) Exclude and drop from the 

roll all pupils of the families 
in which there is one of the 
above diseases. 

(b) When a pupil or teacher who 

has had one of these diseases 
returns, it is necessary to 
bring a certificate from the 
attending physician declarr 
ing that there is no danger 
of communicating the dis- 
ease, and also a certificate 
from the Health Department 
Fumigator that the premises, 
books and clothing have 
been properly disinfected. In 
cases of diphtheria a certifi- 
cate from the City Bacteriolo- 
gist is also necessary. 

(c) Pupils or teachers who have 

been exposed to any one of 
the above diseases and who 
are not immune, must stay 
out until it is determined 
whether they will have it. 
(See Period of Quarantine in 
"Hints to Teachers.") 
In eases of measles, mumps, chicken- 
pox, whooping cough and German 



15 



measles, the brothers or sisters of the 
affected pupil who have had the dis- 
ease may continue at school. The 
quarantine must be enforced for the 
brothers and sisters who have not had 
the disease. 

12. Contagious Disease in School 
Building. — When a case of illness de- 
velops in school, and it is thereafter 
ascertained that it is diphtheria, scar- 
let fev^r, small-pox, or any other dis- 
ease of great virulence, that may be 
communicated by exposure or con- 
tact, the Superintendent shall direct 
that the room or rooms which such 
person occupied shall not again be used 
until it has been thoroughly disinfect- 
ed by such means as may be directed 
by the Board of Health. 

13. Epilepsy, etc. — Pupils while af- 
flicted with epilepsy or chorea (St. 
Vitus Dance) shall be excluded from 
school. 

14. City Physician. — The city physi- 
cian visits the buildings daily and all 
pupils who have been absent on ac- 
count of any of the above mentioned 
contagious diseases, shall be examined 
by him before they are allowed to re- 
turn to their classes. 

In every doubtful case the city phy- 
sician must be consulted. 



16 

BOOKS, STATIONERY, ETC. 

15. Provide Text Books, etc. — ^Pupils 
are required to supply themselves with 
the necessary text books, stationery, 
etc., within reasonable time; otherwise 
they shall be excluded unless they 
present evidence of their inability to 
purchase them. 

16. Indigent Pupils. — P u pil s in 
grades below the High Schools wha 
are unable to provide books may, on 
written application of parent or guard- 
ian, upon form prepared for same, be 
loaned books by the School Board; but 
in all such cases, the books shall be 
returned when the pupil leaves the 
school. If they are not returned by 
any pupil, the fact shall be reported 
to the Superintendent, and the pupil 
shall not be permitted again to enter 
any Public School in the city. 

Parents or guardians applying for 
books for "indigent pupils" must ap- 
ply in person, and sign the applica- 
tion in the presence of the Principal, 

17. Writing Tablets. — The uniform 
pad adopted for use in all the schools 
for tests, examinations and other spe- 
cial work for exhibition purposes, is 
8 1-2 x 11 inches in size. 

18. Recommendation of Pads, etc. — 
No principal or teacher shall be al- 



17 

lowed .to recommend any particular 
pad or other school appliance, or to 
furnish same directly or indirectly. 

ATTENDANCE. 

19. Attendance. — Principals, super- 
visors, teachers and pupils must be 
regular and punctual in attendance. 

20. Regulation of Clocks. — It shall 
be the duty of each Principal to see 
that all the clocks belonging to his 
school are regulated by the city time 
every morning; and all teachers shall 
conform to this standard in making 
their record of attendance, both for 
themselves and for their pupils. 

21. District Schools. — Bell rings and 
lines form at 8:45 A. M. Pupils com- 
ing in between 8:45 and 9 o'clock are 
marked late. Pupils arriving after 9 
o'clock are marked tardy. Grades lA 
and IB are half day schools. 2A and 
2B dismiss at 2 P. M.; 3A at 2:20 
P. M.; 3B through 7B dismiss at 2:45 
P. M. Recess of half hour in middle 
of day and two short recesses in ad- 
dition for lower grades. 

Principals shall be permitted, in 
their discretion, to have an additional 
recess, not exceeding 15 minutes. 

22. High Schools. — Bell rings and 
lines form at 9 A. M. Pupils arriv- 



18 



ing between 9 and 9:15 A. M. are 
late, and after that time are tardy. 
Recess of half hour. 

23. Principals not in school build- 
ing at 8:30 and teachers not in school 
building at 8:45 shall report them- 
selves tardy on weekly and monthly 
reports, and assign reason therefor. 

24. Pupils in delicate health may, up- 
on presentation of certificate of the 
family physician, be permitted to at- 
tend only part of daily session. 

25. Attendance on Funerals. — Pupils 
are not allowed to leave during school 
hours for the purpose of attending 
funerals, unless the deceased person 
is a near relative. 

ABSENCE AND TAKDINESS. 

26. PrincipaVs Absence. — ^When a 
Principal is absent from school he 
shall report at once to the Superinten- 
dent and make suitable arrangements 
for the proper conduct of the school. 

During his absence the government 
of the school shall be under the su- 
pervision of such teacher as may be 
designated by him, and the class shall 
be in charge of a substitute, whose 
services shall be paid for by the Prin- 
cipal. 

27. Teacher's Absence. — (a) It shall 



19 



be the duty of a teacher, whenever he 
is unable for any reason to attend to 
his school duties, to give notice of 
the fact to the Principal, in time to 
enable him to procure a substitute be^ 
fore the hour for opening school. 

28. Unexcused Absence. — When prin- 
cipals or teachers are absent for any 
cause other than individual sickness, 
they shall present reasons for such 
absence satisfactory to the Board; 
otherwise they shall lose their entire 
pay for the time absent. 

29. Furlough Limit. — After a fur- 
lough or absence of one term or (4 1-2) 
four and one-half months, any ad- 
ditional absence or furlough of such 
teacher for (30) thirty days or more 
during the same session, or within 
twelve months from the beginning of 
the original absence or furlough, shall 
be without pay. 

30. ATisence and Tardiness of Pupils. 
— Principals shall investigate all cases 
of absence and tardiness, and require 
a written excuse from the parent or 
guardian of the pupil, giving the rea- 
son for same. 

31. Notification of Ahsence. — Notifi- 
cation of the absence of pupils shall be 
sent to the parents, unless the Prin- 
cipal deem it unnecessary, 

32. A'bsence for Two Days. — Pupils 



20 

wlio are absent from school in any 
month for two days, unless such ab- 
sence be occasioned by sickness of the 
pupil, or for reasons satisfactory to 
the Principal, shall not be permitted 
to return without a note from the 
Superintendent. 

33. Leaving School, Notes of Excuse, 
etc. — No pupil shall be allowed to de- 
part before the appointed hour of clos- 
ing school, except in cases of sickness, 
or from some pressing emergency. 
Pupils leaving school during school 
hours on account of sickness shall be 
required to bring the special form 
properly signed. 

34. Reasons for Absence. — All notes 
of excuse or request to leave school 
shall state the reason for such excuse 
or request, and they shall be preserved 
until the close of the school term. 
The Principal shall be the judge of 
the validity of all excuses. 

35. Truant-Playing and Tardiness. — 
Truant-playing is considered a high 
misdemeanor, and any pupil who plays 
truant may be suspended. Any pupil 
who starts to school, and, finding that 
he will be tardy, returns home, shall 
be subject to the same penalties as 
for truancy. 

36. Dropping from the Roll. — Princi- 
pals are authorized to drop from the 



21 

daily roll of the school the names of 
pupils who are absent on account of 
religious holidays, and those tempora- 
rily excluded under the rules of the 
Board: this shall not vacate the seat 
of the pupil, 

ORGANIZATION. 

37. Read Rules, etc. — Principals and 
teachers are required to be familiar 
with the rules and regulations and 
to read them to the pupils in Septem- 
ber and February of each year, and 
see that they are observed. 

38. Under Control of Superintendent. 
r — Principals and teachers shall be 
under the control, direction, and su- 
pervision of the Superintendent. 

39. Teachers under Autho?Hty of the 
Principal. — Teachers shall be under the 
authority, direction, and supervision 
of the Principal, and be responsible 
for the order and improvement of 
their classes. 

Whenever a teacher shall be found 
lacking in ability to manage his school, 
or in qualifications for teaching, or 
who fails to conform to the rules of 
the Board, the Principal shall at once 
call the attention of the teacher to 
such deficiency, that he may have the 
opportunity to correct it. 

40. Examination of Glasses. — Each 



22 



Principal shall examine the classes un- 
der his charge as often as practicable. 

41. Management — Principals — TeacTi- 
ers Co-Operate. — The Principal shall 
be held responsible for the general 
management and discipline of his 
schools; and the teachers shall follow 
his directions and co-operate with 
him not only during the school hours, 
but during the time when the pupils 
are on the school premises, before and 
after school, during recesses, and when 
the pupils are going to and from 
school. 

42. Rules for Order in Yards, etc. — 
Recess. — The Principal shall establish 
special rules for securing good order 
in the stairways, halls, and school 
yards. He may, at his discretion, per- 
mit pupils to absent themselves from 
the school premises during the time 
allowed for recess. 

43. Organize and Assign. — It shall 
be the duty of the Principals to organ- 
ize the schools and assign the teach- 
ers to their respective grades. 

44. Programs. — P rincipals shall 
make out a program of the recitations 
and exercises of their several classes 
within one week after the beginning 
of each term, and furnish a copy of 
the same to the teachers, and notify 
them of any alterations. 



2S 



The teacher of each school shall 
place in a conspicuous place in the 
school-room a program of the exercises 
for each day during the week, specify- 
ing the length of time devoted to each 
study and recitation. 

45. Reports, etc. — Principals and 
teachers shall make out promptly and 
forward to the Superintendent such 
reports as may be called for, using 
the proper forms. 

46. Reports on Teachers. — Princi- 
pals shall make to the Superintendent 
at the end of each month and at the 
end of the session (May 1st, in each 
year) a confidential report on the work 
and qualifications of each of his teach- 
ers, which report shall be submitted 
to the Committee on Teachers and 
Schools, and by them presented to the 
Beard. 

47. Must Report on Substitutes. — 
Each Principal shall keep a record of 
proficiency in teaching, methods of dis- 
cipline, general ability, and every 
thing that pertains to the duties of 
a teacher, so far as it applies to the 
substitutes employed by him. He 
shall submit the same in a confiden- 
tial communication to the Board, 
through the Superintendent, at the 
end of each session, or oftener if call- 
ed for by the Superintendent. 



24 



48. Signal — Closing School. — The Su- 
perintendent has authority in extreme- 
ly bad weather or other emergency to 
close the schools for the day. The 
following signal will be used for this 
purpose; viz., 

Immediately after the City bells 
have sounded the hour of 8 A. M., 
9-2-2 shall be struck three times. 

49. Patrons' Day. — At least one day 
each week shall be set apart as Pa- 
trons' Day in each group of schools. 
For this day the Principals shall make 
special arrangements and invite and 
urge the patrons of the school to be 
present. 

This exhibition may be confined to 
one or more rooms, or may embrace 
all the schools in the entire building, 
according to the judgment of the Prin- 
cipal. 

50. Monitors. — The use of monitors 
in the Public Schools shall be re- 
stricted to distributing copy-books, dis- 
posing of hats and wraps, pens and 
pencils, wetting sponges, attending to 
the bell for opening and closing school, 
and calling the cards for a teacher 
when questioning his class. 

51. Fire Drills. — Principals shall 
have fire drills once a week if the 



25 



weather permits and report same on 
weekly report. 

52. Receiving or Giving Presents. — • 
Principals shall not be permitted to 
receive gifts from the teachers em- 
ployed in the same building. Prin- 
cipals, teachers, and janitors shall not 
be permitted to receive gifts from the 
pupils attending their schools, or from 
the parents of said pupils. 

53. Sectarian or Partisan Questions. 
— All questions of a sectarian or par- 
tisan character shall be carefully ex- 
cluded from the schools, 

54. Use of Telephones. — S c h o o 1 
phones shall be used for official busi- 
ness only. 

55. Meetings. — Principals and teach- 
ers are required to attend promptly 
all meetings called by the Superinten- 
dent of Schools. 

56. Holidays. — The authorized holi- 
days shall be: 

Thanksgiving — two days. 

Christmas — from 12 o'clock Decem- 
ber 24th to January 2nd. 

Gen. Lee's birthday — Jan. 19th. 

Gen. Washington's birthday — Feb- 
ruary 22nd. 

Easter Holiday — two days. 

Oakwood Memorial — half day. 

Hollywood Memorial — half day. 

Pres. Davis's birthday — June 3rd. 



SUPERVISION OF SCHOOL PEOPEBTY. 

57. Supervision 'by Principal. — The 
Principal shall have a general super- 
vision of the grounds, buildings, and 
appurtenances of the school, and shall 
be held responsible for any want of 
neatness or cleanliness on the premi- 
ses, or any injury done to the buildings 
or furniture. School premises should 
be inspected twice a day. Whenever 
any repairs or supplies are needed 
he shall notify the Supervisor of 
School Property. 

58. Supervision by Teachers. — Teach- 
■ers shall be held responsible for the 
neatness of their rooms and the safe- 
ty of the furniture, during the time it 
may be occupied. All damage done 
shall be promptly reported to the Prin- 
cipal. 

59. Inspection by Teachers. — Teach- 
ers will assist Principal in the inspec- 
tion of the school premises when re- 
quested to do so, 

60. Report Condition of Rooms. — 
Teachers will report the condition of 
their respective rooms to the Princi- 
pal of the building whenever the jani- 
tor fails to perform his duty. 

61. Principals Must Report Janitors. 
< — Principals will see that janitors per- 
form all the work assigned them faith- 



27 



fully and well and report any neglect 
thereof immediately to the Supervisor. 
At the end of each session they shall 
report on the work of the janitor for 
that term. 

VENTILATION. 

62. Ventilation. — Principals and 
Teachers are required to give proper 
attention to heating and ventilation. 

The temperature should be about 68 
or 70 degrees. When above or below 
these figures it is fair to presume that 
the temperature requires attention. 

Avoid drafts but see that the air 
is frequently changed in rooms and 
halls. 

Proper use should be made of ven- 
tilators, registers, transoms and doors 
\vith a view to securing frequent 
change of atmosphere. 

During recess, and while the pupils 
are absent from rooms, doors and win- 
dows should be left open in order to 
secure change of air; upon return of 
the pupils the windows should be 
closed, except when the temperature 
outside shall demand otherwise. 

DISCIPLINE. 

63. Strict Order and Discipline. — 
Teachers are required to maintain 
strict order and discipline in their 
schools and class-rooms at all times. 



28 



and neglect of this requirement will 
be considered a good cause for dis- 
missal. 

64. Interviews with Teachers. — All 
interviews between parents, or their 
representatives, and teachers on the 
school premises must be held in the 
presence of the Principal. 

All communications between teach- 
ers and patrons relating to school 
work must be made through the Prin- 
cipal of the school. 

65. Errands by Pupils. — Principals 
'and teachers shall not send their pu- 
pils on errands during school hours. 

66. No Sales, Collections, etc., in 
Schools. — Principals and teachers shall 
not permit sales, collections, advertise- 
ments or notices respecting lectures, 
exhibitions, etc., nor shall they make 
any nature study excursion, visit any 
exhibition with the pupils, or assist 
in getting up any exhibition by the 
pupils without permission of the Su- 
perintendent. 

This rule shall not apply to adver- 
tisements on articles in actual use. 

67. Conduct. — Pupils are considered 
under the government of these rules 
going to and from school. They are 
required to enter and leave the room 
in a respectful manner, and without 
noise and to quit the neighborhood of 
the school in a quiet, orderly manner. 



2& 



immediately on being dismissed. All 
gatherings of pupils, before or after 
school, in the neighborhood of the 
school-houses are prohibited. 

68. Profane or Unchaste Language. 
— Pupils who shall, in or about the 
school premises, use or write, or know- 
ingly become the bearers of any pro- 
fane or unchaste language, writing, 
print, or drawing, shall be reported 
at once to the Superintendent of 
Schools, and such pupil shall be im- 
mediately suspended, and may be ex- 
pelled. In cases of children ten years 
old and under, the Superintendent 
shall be allowed, in his discretion, 
to apply a less severe punishment. Ap- 
peals in all such cases shall be heard 
by the whole Board, and they may ap- 
prove, set aside, or direct a different 
penalty. 

69. Use of Tohacco ProMUted. — The 
use of tobacco in any form during 
school hours is positively prohibited. 

70. Carrying Dangerous Weapons. — 
Any pupil in whose possession may 
be found fire arms, or any other dan- 
gerous weapons, shall be suspended 
by the Principal, and the Superinten- 
dent notified of the fact for his action. 

71. Injuring or Destroying Property. 
— ^When any pupil shall have defaced 
or destroyed any property belonging 



30 



to the Public Schools, he shall pay 
the amount lost thereby; and, on fail- 
tire to do so, such pupil shall be re- 
ported to the Superintendent, and may 
be suspended from school. 

72. Marking or Writing. — All mark- 
ing or writing on or about the school 
premises is positively forbidden, and 
any pupil guilty of this offence may 
be suspended. 

73. Conduct Book. — There shall be 
in each school an extra book, to be 
known as the Conduct Book, wherein 
shall be recorded, opposite the names 
of pupils, every demerit, whipping, 
suspension, expulsion, or other punish- 
ment, and the causes thereof. These 
records shall be made at the close of 
each day's session, and shall be ex- 
amined at least once a month by the 
Principal, and a record made of such 
examination. 

74. Demerits, District Schools. — (a) 
V/hen the pupil receives five demerits 
the teacher shall notify the parent of 
the fact. This notification must be 
endorsed by the Principal. 

(b) When the pupil receives ten 
demerits the Principal shall notify 
the parent, urge him to give attention 
to the matter, state the probability 
of a suspension, and, if he thinks best, 
ask a conference in regard to it. 



31 



(c) A similar notice shall be sent 
by the Principal when the pupil re- 
ceives fifteen demerits, 

(d) When the pupil receives twenty- 
demerits his or her name shall be 
sent to the Superintendent for sus- 
pension. Along with this shall be 
sent a transcript of the Gonduct Book 
relating to the case, that the Superin- 
tendent may have the necessary in- 
formation to guide him in his action. 
The Principal will add such details 
as shall seem to him necessary or im- 
portant. 

(e) Teachers should be careful in 
giving demerits. Do not give them 
without good cause. Let every de- 
merit represent a real offence. Do 
not give more than one demerit for 
a single offence; not more than two 
for an offence repeated; not more than 
five during any one day's session, A 
demerit should represent a real offence, 
and not a simple act of thoughtless- 
ness or an accident. 

(f) No fraction of a demerit to be 
given in district schools. 

(g) Any pupil who shall receive 
twenty demerits for two successive 
months shall be reported to the Su- 
perintendent for expulsion, in his dis- 
cretion. 

75. Demerits, High Schools. — Any 



32 



pupil in High Schools receiving 10 
demerits in one term shall be suspend- 
ed. Notices must be sent to parent 
when pupil has received 2 1-2, 5 and 7 
1-2 demerits. 

76. General Punishment of Class. — ■• 
When an offence that demands punish- 
ment has been committed, and it is 
impossible to fasten the guilt upon 
the proper parties, the teacher may- 
administer general punishment to the 
entire class. 

77. Suspensions, — In extreme cases, 
Principals may suspend pupils. Such 
action must be reported at once to the 
Superintendent, together with written 
evidence showing that proper effort has 
been made to subject the pupils to dis- 
cipline. 

78. Persistent Disorderly Conduct. — 
The names of pupils who have been 
often reproved for non-attendance, 
carelessness, obstinacy, quarreling, dis- 
orderly conduct in the streets, neglect 
of lessons, stubbornness and refusal to 
recite, etc., without amendment, shall 
be reported to the Superintendent for 
suspension or expulsion. 

79. Suspensions — How Return. — Any 
pupil who is suspended for any cause 
will not be permitted to return to 
school without a note from the Super- 
intendent. 



33 

80. Two Suspensions. — Pupils who 
have been suspended from the Public 
Schools twice may, for the third of- 
fence deserving suspension, be expell- 
ed. 

81. Corporal Punishment. — Corporal 
punishment should not be resorted to 
except in rare cases, and must alv/ays 
be administered in the office of the 
Principal and in the presence of a 
witness. 

82. Extras. — Extras may be given for 
marked improvement in conduct or 
scholarship; for perfect attendance for 
a week for all the boys or for all the 
girls or for both; for small number 
of outs or lates in a class; and for at- 
tendance in bad weather. 

Extras may mean, in the discrc:- 
tion of the Principal, the cancella- 
tion of demerits or early dismissal 
on Friday. 

83. Leaving Room. — Pupils are not 
allowed to leave school-room during: 
school hours unless excused by teach- 
er, except in case of absolute neces- 
sity. 

Pupils presenting a physician's cer- 
tificate shall be permitted to leave the 
class-room as often as the promotion 
of health demands, without being pun- 
ished for such permission. 

84. Keeping in During Recess. — No 



34 



pupils shall be kept in during the re- 
cess period for any purpose. 

85. Regulations for Marking Regis- 
ter. — Promotions and Examinations. — 
School session, first term, begins Sep- 
tember 15th; second term begins about 
February 1st. 

DISTBICT SCHOOLS. 

i 

(A) At the close of each school 
month after the first the teacher shall 
make a general estimate of the work 
of each pupil and record the same in 
the marking book. A special record 
of deficiency in any subject, or sub- 
jects, shall be made. 

(B) The following terms are to be 
used in making these records: — A=: 
90% and above; B=75% to 90%; 
C=below 75%, unpromoted; D=de- 
ficient in any subject. 

(C) At the close of a term all pu- 
pils below the 7B grade who are recom- 
mended by the teacher for promotion 
shall, if the principal approve, be ad- 
vanced to the next grade. 

(D) The principal in order that he 
may act intelligently shall inspect the 
daily work of the pupils and also give 
frequent tests in the several grades 
in his building. 

<E) All unpromoted pupils who de- 



S5 



sire it shall have an examination on 
the subjects in which they are defici- 
ent and shall be required to make at 
least 75% on each subject. 

(P) Pupils in the 7B grade shall be 
examined on all subjects, and for grad- 
uation shall be required to make an 
average of at least 75%, with not less 
than 60% on any subject. 

(G) If in the case of any individual 
teacher the foregoing plan proves un- 
satisfactory in the judgment of the 
principal then by direction of the su- 
perintendent, the following shall be 
substituted for it. — 

1. Mark on all subjects once a month, 
using the subjoined schedule of values. 



VALUATION OF STUDIES. 



7A and B. 5B to 6B 



Reading . 
Spelling . 
Phonetics 
Language 
Arithmetic 
Grammar 
History . , 
Geography 
Science . . 
Writing . 
Music . . . 
Man'l Training 
Lan and Gr . . 



.12... 

.12... 
. 4... 
.12... 
.12... 
.12... 
.12... 
.12... 
. 4... 



12, 



, 4. 
.12, 
.12. 
.12, 
.12. 
.12. 
, 4. 
. 4, 
, 4. 
, 4. 



5A 

16 
12 

4 

16 



16 
8 
4 
4 
4 

16 



36 



3A— 4B. 2B. 2A. 

Reading 12 16 20 

Bpelling 16 16 16 

Phonetics 4 4 4 

Language 16 16 16 

Arithmetic 16 16 20 

Geography 12 8 — 

Science 8 8 8 

Writing 8 8 8 

Music 4 4 4 

Man'l Training . 4 4 4 

! 
For the present do not mark on Man- 
ual Training, but distribute the value 
as follows: In 7A and 7B to Writing 
and mark on the effort, in 5A to 6B 
to Spelling, in 3A to 4B to Reading, 
in 2A and B to Language. 

2. Pupils shall not be informed be- 
forehand on what day they are to be 
marked on any subject. 

3. If a pupil is deficient in one or 
more subjects, this fact shall be re- 
corded on the register along with his 
monthly standing and his parents or 
guardian shall be notified of the same 
on his monthly report. 

4. (a) All pupils from the 2 A to the 
7A grade, inclusive, who make an aver- 
age monthly standing of 75%, and who 
are not deficient in any subject shall 
be promoted. 



37 



(b) A standing of less than 75% 
shall be considered "deficient." 

(c) Pupils who have been absent 20 
or more days may be required to take 
an examination on all subjects for 
promotion. 

(d) Pupils who make an average 
monthly standing of 75%, and are de- 
ficient in only one subject, may be ad- 
vanced on trial upon the recommenda- 
tion of the teacher when approved by 
the principal. 

(e) All unpromoted pupils who de- 
sire it shall have the privilege of an 
examination on all subjects in which 
they are deficient. 

(f) Pupils thus examined for pro- 
motion shall be required to make at 
least 75% on each subject. 

(g.) These examinations shall be held 
immediately after reorganization in 
February and in June of each year. 

5. Pupils in the lA and B grades 
shall be promoted upon the recom- 
mendation of the teacher, when ap- 
proved by the principal, 

6. Pupils in the 7B grade shall be ex- 
amined on all subjects, and for gradu- 
ation shall be required to make an 
average of at least 75%, with not less 
than 60% on any subject. 

86. Extra Examination. — Pupils in. 



38 



District and High Schools who fail 
of promotion in June may have an 
examination in September, provided 
they take a six weeks course of in- 
gtruction under a teacher approved 
by the Superintendent. 

87. REGULATIONS FOB THE INTERMEDI- 
ATE AND FINAL EXAMINATIONS OF 
THE RICHMOND PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

Official examinations will commence 
promptly at 9 A. M. on the day ap- 
pointed by the Superintendent, and 
continue from day to day until com- 
pleted. 

All books and other aids must be 
dispensed with, and all maps and 
charts taken down or turned face to 
the wall. 

Only one subject will be given at 
a time. As soon as the subject is com 
pleted, teachers will promptly collect 
the papers and proceed With the next 
subject. 

Teachers will require the pupils to 
number the answets to correspond 
with the questions. 

In Algebra and written Arithmetic 
the entire work to be given. 

in the mental exercises the pupils 
will be required to write the answers 
at once. The teachers Shall write on 



39 



the board only the questions to be 
analyzed. 

A careful and critical examination 
of the papers, and an exact valuation 
of the answers given or omissions 
made, are especially enjoined. 

In Arithmetic and Algebra only en- 
tire credits will be given, unless other 
directions are given in the printed 
questions. No credits will be allowed 
unless the answers are exactly right, 
except in questions where analysis 
is required. In other studies the an- 
swers will be credited according to 
value. 

TO TEACHERS AND PEINCIPALS. 

You have no authority to alter or 
omit any question. Special permis- 
sion must be obtained in each case. 

Satisfy yourself by personal inspec- 
tion that every regulation is fully com- 
plied with. 

Do not report to the scholars their 
standing until authorized. 

Use every precaution to prevent 
communication. 

Children must not be permitted to 
leave their room before handing in 
their answers to all the questions that 
have been submitted. 

Read the questions in Oral Arith- 



40 



metic slowly and distinctly. The ques- 
tion may be repeated once only. 

DIRECTIONS TO PUPILS. 

Examination on prescribed pad. 

No communication. 

No use of books during examina- 
tion. 

Write only on one side of each half 
sheet of paper, number your pages, 
leave a margin, divide into paragraphs, 
and do not crowd your words. "Write 
in a large, legible hand. Put your 
name on each page of your examina- 
tion papers and number your answers. 
Do not fold papers. 

In Written Arithmetic indicate the 
proper mode of solving each example 
by the usual arithmatical signs, when- 
ever this is practicable; and give all 
computations necessary for finding the 
answer. 

In Arithmetic separate every opera^ 
tion by a ruled line across the page, 
or by a blank space. Make neat fig- 
ures, and do not mix up operations. 

Reduce fractional results to their 
lowest terms. 



41 

Reduce improper fractions to whole 
or mixed numbers. 

Indicate operations and solve by- 
cancellation, as far as practicable. 

Use the proper signs of denominate 
numbers. 

Designate each answer by "Ans." 

In Arithmetic the denomination of 
the answer should be given. If the 
answer is 6 men or $6, and 6 is given, 
one-fifth of the value of the question 
will be deducted. 

In Grammar use the briefest forms 
of parsing and analysis. 

At the close of each subject in ex- 
aminations, you are expected to affix 
to your papers the following certifi- 
cate, and sign your name: 

"I hereby declare upon hon- 
or that I have neither given 
nor received assistance during 
this examination." 

All papers not bearing this declara- 
tion will be rejected. 

Any pupils receiving or giving infor- 
mation during examination will be ex- 
cluded from the entire examination. 

RULES FOR PROMOTION — HIGH SCHOOLS. 

88. Rules for Promotion. — In all 
classes, except the graduating classes, 
pupils, in order to be promoted, shall 
obtain 80 per cent general average, 



and not less than 65 per cent, on any 
subject; but pupils standing 65 per 
cent, or more and below 80 per cent, 
on general average, shall have the 
privilege of taking a written examina* 
tion, in which they must make not 
less than 75 per cent, average, and not 
less than 60 per cent, on any study. 
A pupil who makes 80 per cent, gen- 
eral average and falls below 65 per 
cent, on only one subject, shall have 
the privilege of taking a written ex- 
amination on that subject, on which 
he must stand not less than 65 per 
cent. 

A pupil in other than the graduat- 
ing classes who fails on one study 
only may, on the recommendation of 
the Principal, be conditioned on that 
study and allowed to pass to the grade 
above. If the pupil make the required 
percentage on this study in the new 
grade, the condition shall be removed. 
If the study is not continued in the 
new grade, the condition must be re- 
moved by examination. All conditions 
•must be removed before graduation. 

HIGH SCHOOLS. 

89. Rules for Graduation. — In the 
graduating classes each pupil must 
stand a written examination on which 
he must make an average of 80 per 



43 



cent, with not less than 70 per cent, 
on any study. In the Commercial 
Course no pupil may be graduated 
■whose standing on phonography and 
typewriting is below 80 per cent. 

If a pupil fail in any graduating 
class he shall not be required to re- 
peat studies on which his standing 
is 80 per cent, or above, though he 
may be allowed to repeat them if he 
so elects. 

If a pupil fail in any graduating 
class on only one study he may be 
graduated on the written recommenda- 
tion of the Principal and the approval 
of the Board. 

CE&I'IFICATES, HONOR CARDS, ETC. 

90. Certificates of Proficiency, Dis- 
t7'ict Schools. — 7B pupils who are pro- 
moted shall receive certificates of pro- 
motion. 

First Honor. — Pupils receiving A on 
lessons and A on deportment are en- 
titled to a "First Honor Card." 

Neither Absent Nor Tar^Zi/.— Pupils 
who have been neither absent nor tar- 
dy during the session shall receive a 
certificate of attendance, 

91. Diplomas, High Schools. — Pupils 
who pass satisfactory examinations in 
the graduating classes shall receive a 
diploma. 



44 



First Honors. — ^Any pupil who makes 
90 per cent, on lessons and has not 
more than one demerit is a first honor 
pupil. 

The publication of the names of 
graduates in the two High Schools, 
in the newspapers and on the pro- 
grams, shall be alphabetically arrang- 
ed, but on the teacher's Examination 
Returns in the order of standing. 

92. Scholarships. — The award of 
scholarships will be made, by the reg- 
ular committee of the Board, to pu- 
pils who make the best record in their 
entire High School Course. 

93. DUTIES OF PRINCIPALS IN RELATION 

TO SUPERVISING TEACHERS AND 
PUPIL TEACHERS. 

The Supervising Teachers and the 
pupil Teachers will be under the super- 
vision and management of the Princi- 
pal just as other teachers in his build- 
ing are. 

While the Pupil Teachers and their 
classes will be directly responsible to 
the Supervising Teachers, who will look 
after the details of the work, the Prin- 
cipals are charged with a general su- 
pervision, and are expected to make 
suggestions whenever they are needed 



45 



— ^with him will rest the final decision 
in questions of difference. 

94. DUTIES OF SUPEKVISING TEACHERS. 

Shall instruct Pupil Teachers as to 
organization of their schools, methods 
of instruction and discipline. Give 
suggestions and frequent demonstra- 
tion of the work with the class. They 
shall forward to the Superintendent 
monthly through the Principals a re- 
port of the work of the Pupil Teach- 
ers, noting the excellencies or defects 
of their work. A similar report shall 
he made on May 1st, covering the work 
of the session. 

95. DUTIES or PUPIL TEACHERS. 

They shall take charge of the class- 
es to which they are assigned under 
the direction of the Supervising Teach- 
er, and perform all the work of the 
school as a regular teacher. They 
shall be under the immediate direc- 
tion of the Supervising Teacher and 
subject to the general control and man- 
agement of the Principal of the school. 

QUALIFICATIONS OF PRINCIPALS, TEACH- 
ERS AND SPECIALISTS. 

96. Principals. — Shall be college 
graduates who have shown their abili- 



46 



ty by their college standing and by 
experience in teaching and managing 
schools. 

97. Higli School Teachers. — Shall be 
college graduates with not less than 
two years' successful experience in 
teaching. The Superintendent, may, 
however, assign to positions in the 
High School, teachers from the Dis- 
trict Schools whenever in his judg- 
ment the interest of the High School 
will be promoted thereby. 

98. Specialists. — Specialists in Chem- 
istry, Music, French, German, Physi- 
cal Training, Drawing, Manual Train- 
ing and Kindergarten shall present to 
the Board satisfactory evidence of 
their ability. 

99. District School Teachers. — Shall 
be Post Graduates of an approved High 
School — or shall have had the equiva- 
lent preparation and training. 

Recognition will be given to Teach- 
ers who have had four years success- 
ful experience in some approved school. 

resek^t:s and substitutes. 

100. Rules Governing Reserve List. 
— The names of all persons elected 
to the reserve list shall be arranged 
in alphabetical order. 



RULE 101— Page 47.— Amend so as to 
read as follows: 

For teachers, whose pay is not more 
than $40.00 per month, substitutes 
shall receive $1.00 per day for any 
number of days less than five; for 
every five successive days taught in 
same class, he shall receive $7.00, 
provided, he shall not receive more 
than $30 in any one month. 

101a. For teachers whose pay is 
more than $40 per month and not 
more than $80 per month, substitute 
shall receive $1.20 per day for any 
number of days less than five; for 
every five successive days taught in 
same class, he shall receive $8.00, 
provided, he shall not receive more 
than $35 in any one mionth. 

101b. For teachers, whose pay is 
more than $80 per month, and not more 
than $125 per month, substitute shall 
receive $2.00 per day for any number 
of days taught. 

101c. For teacher or principals, whose 
pay is more than $125 per month 
substitute shall receive $3.00 per day 
for any number of days taught. 

10 Id. Teachers who are employed as 
specialists, for whom no substitutes 
can be obtained shall forfeit the amount 
of regular substitute pay during ex- 
cused absence, and shall receive no 
salary during unexeused absence. 

lOle. When a teacher or principal 
is absent by permission, and the in- 



terest of the school demands that no 
substitute shall be employed to supply 
the place, an amount equal to the pay 
of the substitute shall be deducted 
from the salary of such teacher or 
principal; but this rule shall not apply 
(1) in cases where permission has been 
granted to visit other schools for obser- 
vation; (2) in cases where teachers are 
sent out to demonstrate the work of 
the system; (3) in cases where teachers 
are appointed by the Board as dele- 
gates to assemblies or conferences. 

10 If. All sums acquired, or saved 
to the pay-roll, by the absence of teach- 
ers or principals for whom no substi- 
tutes are employed, shall .be applied 
to the salaries of Board-substitutes, 
whose pay may be in excess of regular 
substitute pay, and for substitutes for 
Pupil-teachers. 

lOlg. Whenever the continued ab- 
sence of a special teacher, for whom 
no satisfactory substitute can be ob- 
tained, compels the discontinuance of 
the work of that teacher, the pay of 
that teacher shall cease. 

lOlh. When a regula^r teacher is se- 
lected to substitute for a special teach- 
er or principal, he shall receive in addi- 
tion to his regular salary the full sub- 
stitute pay; but he m_ust in these cases 
furnish a substitute for his own work, 
and out of the amount he receives, he 
is to pay for his own substitute. 

On page 48 first 5 paragraphs to re- 
main. 



47 



The members of the reserve list shall 
hold themselves in readiness to do 
substitute work in any of the schools 
to which they may be called, and 
this list shall go into effect September 
15th and remain in force to June 15th 
of the following year. 

All appointments from the reserve 
list shall be made by the Superinten- 
dent as he shall deem best for the in- 
terest of the system, giving due con- 
sideration to the ability and efficiency 
of the members of the reserve list — 
all such appointments to be confirnLed_ 
by the School Board. 

101. Substitute Work. — Substitutes 
for teachers who receive more than 
$40.00 per month shall receive $1.20 
per day for any number of days taught 
less than five: for every five consecu- 
tive days taught in same class they 
shall receive $8.00 — provided they 
shall not receive more than $35.00 in 
any one month. 

If the teacher for whom a substi- 
tute is employed does not receive more 
than $40.00 the substitute shall re- 
ceive $1.00 per day for any number 
of days taught less than five: for every 
five consecutive days taught in same 
class he shall receive $7.00 — provided 
he shall not receive more than $30.00 
in any one month. 



48 



Substitute teachers employed for one 
month or more shall receive the stat- 
ed monthly compensation without re- 
gard to holidays. In all other cases 
the pay for holidays to go to the regu- 
lar teacher, but such holidays do not 
break the consecutiveness of days 
taught. 

Substitutes called into service in the 
forenoon shall be entitled to a day's 
work and a day's pay. 

Substitutes who serve in double 
schools for half month or more shall 
be allowed half the extra pay for time 
they serve. 

Substitutes serving for pupil teach- 
ers who are unavoidably absent, will 
be paid by the Board from regular 
Pay Roll Account. 

Pupil teachers who are unavoidably 
absent shall receive their full pay for 
time they may be absent, except that 
after an absence of two weeks or ten 
consecutive school days, the said pu- 
pil teacher shall not be paid for any 
further time she may be absent dur- 
ing the same session. 

102. Principals Employ Substitutes. 
— In the absence of teachers the Prin- 
cipals shall employ substitutes from 
the list, giving each an opportunity to 
do substitute work as far as practi- 
cable. 



49 



Pincipals are not allowed to employ 
any one as a substitute except a regu- 
larly-elected substitute or reserve 
teacher. 

DUTIES OF THE SUPERVISORS OF KINDER- 
GARTEN, MUSIC AND MANUAL TRAIN- 
ING. 

103. Duties, etc. — Shall prepare a de- 
tailed outline for the work of their 
respective departments. 

Shall make weekly and monthly re- 
ports on the regular forms. 

Shall make annual report to the Su- 
perintendent, covering the work of the 
year, with suggestions as to improving 
the work and increasing its efficiency. 

Shall have the general supervision 
and direction of their respective de- 
partments. 

Shall make monthly and annual re- 
ports to the Superintendent on the 
work of their teachers 

Shall visit the several schools as 
often as practicable, see how the teach- 
ers are doing their work and how the 
children are progressing, and give to. 
them and the teachers any help or in- 
struction asked for or needed. 

Shall arrange to give necessary regu- 
lar instruction to the teachers in re- 
gard to the conduct of their work. 



50 



Shall report to the Superintendent 
in writing the names of such teach- 
ers as fail to co-operate in the work 
of the department. 

EULES FOR NIGHT SCHOOLS. 

104, Night Schools: Rules, etc. — The 
rules and regulations of the day- 
schools shall apply as far as practic- 
able. 

The schools shall be open to boys 
and girls 12 years of age and over, 
but exceptions may be made where 
upon investigation it is found that the 
pupil is absolutely compelled to go to 
work, though under this age. 

No class shall exceed twenty-five. 

The course of study shall embrace 
Reading, Spelling, Language, Penman- 
ship and Arithmetic and Drawing. 

Where it is found necessary pupils 
may be allowed to take some and not 
all of the subjects mentioned above. 

The schools will be open from Oc- 
tober 1st to May 1st — four nights of 
each week (Monday-Thursday) for two 
hours, from 7:15 to 9:15. 

The buildings in which these night 
schools are to be held shall be opened 
at 7 o'clock and the teachers required 
to be present at that time for the pro- 
tection of the school property. 



51 



Pupils are not to be admitted to the 
building after 7: 30 P. M. 

JANITORS. 

105. Duties, etc. — The buildings and 
premises, including sidewalks, must be 
kept at all times in a neat and clean 
condition. 

Janitors are required to have the 
buildings properly heated, to use cin- 
ders, economize fuel and keep stoves 
and boilers in good order. 

During School session janitors shall 
be under the authority of the Princi- 
pal, and give courteous and prompt 
compliance with his directions. 

Not to Leave Premises. — Janitors 
ave required to remain on the prem- 
ises at all tim»s. If absent during 
school hours, it must be by authority 
of the Principal; if at other times, 
by permission of the Clerk and Super- 
visor. 

Responsible for Supplies, etc. — Jani- 
tors will be held responsible for uten- 
sils and supplies furnished to them; 
also, keys, clocks, and other movable 
property contained in the building, 
and for general care of the school 
property. 

To Report Damage to Property. — 
Janitors shall report to the Principal 



5^ 



and to the Supervisor any damage to 
school property whether to the build- 
ing, lot, fences, trees, furniture, etc., 
with the names of the parties injur- 
ing the same. 

Make Repairs. — Janitors are requir- 
ed to make light repairs. Necessary 
tools and materials will be furnished. 

During School Vacation. — Janitors 
have charge, under the direction and 
control of the Supervisor, of their re- 
spective buildings during vacation, 
and shall keep the same in order. 

Responsible to the Supervisor. — Jani- 
tors shall be responsible to the Super- 
visor for the faithful discharge of all 
their duties, and be subject to his con- 
trol at all times. 



Hints to Public School Teachers. 



The School Physicians will visit 
each school daily as early as practi- 
cable and examine such children as 
are set aside by the teachers. It is 
important for the teachers to under- 
stand the special conditions calling for 
inspection by the school physicians, 
and the following outline will be of 
value in this connection. 

Teachers should inspect each child, 
and no complaint should be dismissed 
without being certain that there is no 
serious condition back of it. It is bet- 
ter to err on the side of too much 
rather than too little caution, and to 
bring to the attention of the school 
physician every case in which the 
teacher is at all in doubt. Skill in de- 
tecting shamming will soon be acquir- 
ed, but it must be recognized that even 
where a child is detected in this, the 
same child is as subject to real ail- 
ments as are others. 

SYMPTOMS OF TEVER IN GENERAL. 

Headache, lassitude, languid expres- 
53 



54 



sion of the eyes, heat of the skin and 
rapidity of the pulse. Usually the 
cheeks are flushed, but they may be 
pallid. 

EARLY SYMPTOMS OF MEASLES. 

The first symptoms are those of a 
cold. There is feverishness, and the 
eyes are watery and sensitive to light. 
There is a discharge from the nose. 
The child sneezes and coughs, the 
cough being dry and high-pitched in 
character. These symptoms often last 
for three days before the rash appears, 
and, as the disease is highly contagi- 
ous from the first, the mistake must 
not be made of supposing that child 
cannot have measles because there is 
no eruption. Later on, a blotchy rash 
appears, first on the face, then on the 
neck and body. 

SCARLET FEVER. 

There is no distinction between 
"scarlet fever" and "scarlatina," so 
do not be misled by being told that 
the latter name applies to a disease 
less serious and less contagious than 
scarlet fever. 

This disease is ushered in frequently 
by vomiting, although this may be 



55 



absent. The throat is often sore from 
the beginning. The usual symptoms 
of fever are present. After twenty- 
four hours, a red rash appears all over 
the body, showing first on the neck 
and chest, and presenting much the 
same appearance as if the parts had 
been scalded. Scarlet fever, like mea- 
sles, is highly contagious before the 
eruption appears. 

DIPHTHERIA. 

Sore throat is the most prominent 
symptom of diphtheria in its earliest 
stage. Fever is commonly present at 
first. The glands of the neck, at the 
angle of the jaw, are usually swollen 
and tender. When the larynx (wind- 
pipe) is involved, there is hoarseness, 
difficulty in breathing, and symptoms 
of croup. According to modern views, 
membranous croup (not simple croup), 
is held to be always diphtheritic in 
nature and hence highly contagious. 
When the nose is involved, there is 
discharge and frequently bleeding from 
that organ. 

MUMPS. 

Swelling, sometimes painful, on one 
or both sides of the face, in front 
of the ear, is a constant manifesta- 
tion of mumps. 



56 

WHOOPING COUGH. 

In whooping cough, the patient has 
an ordinary cough for a few weel^s; 
then a characteristic cough sets in, 
which discloses the true nature of the 
disease. The cough comes on in dis- 
tinct spells, during which the face is 
puffed and red, the eyes congested and 
watery, and a loud whooping sound is 
made when the 'breath is drawn in 
after the cough, differing unmistakably 
from a croupy cough. Not infrequent- 
ly the paroxysm is accompanied or 
followed by vomiting. 

The school physician's attention 
should be called to any of the follow- 
ing conditions: 

SKIN AND HAIR. 

(1) Animal parasites or nits in the 
hair; (2) crusts or scaly patches or 
sores about the face, hands or neck; 

(3) crusts in the scalp, or loss of hair; 

(4) any chronic eruption on the feet 
of children going bare-foot, especially 
if such child is very pale and stunted 
in growth. 

EYES. 

(1) Any difficulty in vision; (2) 
sensitiveness to light; (3) redness of 



57 



the eyes; (4) discharge from the eyes 
or lids; (5) crusted condition of the 
eye lashes. 

DEAFNESS. 

Children who are slightly hard of 
hearing often gain a reputation for 
stupidity on account of their not un- 
derstanding distinctly what is said to 
them. This impression is frequently 
increased because the most common 
causes of deafness are conditions 
which render normal breathing through 
the nose difficult or impossible, and 
such children present a stupid appear- 
ance on account of holding their 
mouths open in order to breathe. All 
such cases should be brought to the 
attention of the school physician. 

RECOVERY FROM ERUPTIVE FEVERS. 

Whenever a child returns to school 
after an attack of any of the eruptive 
fevers or of diphtheria, the teacher 
should be especially watchful of such 
child, as complications often arise 
after recovery is apparently complete. 
After scarlet fever the kidneys are es- 
pecially likely to become affected, and 
any puffiness under the eyes of such 
child should be promptly brought to 
the attention of the school physician. 



CONTAGIOUS DISEAS£:S. 



DISEASE. 


INCUBATION PERIOD. 

(The interval between ex- 
posure to infection and the 
first signs of the disease.) 


Day of the Definite 

Illness on which the 

RASH appears. 


PERIOD OF ISOLATION 
REQUIRED AFTER AC- 
CIDENTAL EXPOSURE 
TO INFECTION. 


PERIOD OF ISOLATION REQUIRED AFTER 

SUFFERING FROM THE DISEASE. 
(The patient is unsafe even after tlie periods 
stated below, unless the body, the clothes 
worn at the time of seizure and the Ijooks 
used are thoroughly disinfected). 


Chicken Pox. 


First signs any time be- 
tween the 11th and the 19th 
day (14th day mostcommon). 


Successive crops appear 
from day to day on the 
1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th and 
6ch, sometimes even up 
to the 10th day. 


19 days. 


Until every crust has fallen oil. This is 2, 
3, or even 4 weeks. 


Diphtheria. 
(Membranous 
Croup.) 


First signs any time be- 
tween the 2nd and the 8th 
day. 


There is no rash. 


8 days. 


Until absence of the bacilli from the 
throat and nose is proved by bacteriological 
culture, but in no case under 10 days. 


German Measles. 


First signs any time be- 
tween the 7th and the 22d 
day (usually the 18:h). 


1st or 2nd. 


22 days. 


Until 3 weeks have elapsed from the begin- 
ning of the illness. 


Rl'oaslcR. 


First signs any time be- 
tween the 10th and the 14th 
day. 


4th, but often the 3rd. 
The patient is higlily in- 
fectious for 3 or 4 days 
before the rash appears. 


14 days if free from fever, 
catarrh, cough, or "a 
cold." 


Until 3 weeks from the appearance of the 
rash, but not until all dischai'ges from eyes, 
ears, and nose have ceased. 


Mumps. 


First signs any time be- 
tween the 14th and the 25th 
day (usually over a fort- 
night; less than 3 weelis). 


There is no rash. 


25 days. 


Allow one week from the subsidence of all 
swelling. 


Scarlet Fever, 
(ycarletina.) 


First signs any time be- 
tween the 1st and the 7th 
day (usually the Brd or 4th.) 


1st. 


7 daytJ. 


weeks from appcar.'ince of the rash as a 
minimum, and then to be dependent on the 
cessation of all peeling and discharge from 
ears, eyes and nose. 


Small-Pox. 


First signs any time be- 
tween the 5th and tlie 20th 
day (usually the r2th). 


Early on the 3rd day. 


20 days. 


Until the whole of the skin is free from 
pustules ard from the subsequent desquama- 
tion. Special attention to be paid to exami- 
nation of soles, palms, and finger and toe nails. 


Typhoid Fever. 


First signs any time be- 
tween the 4th and the 21st 
day (usually from the 10th 
to the 14 th)^ 


From the 7th day until 
the commencement of 
the decline of the fever. 


None. 


As soon as recovery is complete. 


Whooping Cough. 


First signs any time be- 
tween the 4th and the Ulli 
day, but the typical whoop 
may not be heiird till latei."^ 


No rash. Highly infec- 
tious from the beginning 
of disease and long be 
fore whoojiing stage. 


14 days. 


A child may go to school in wf-eks from 
the commencement f)f tlie "whoop," provided 
the paroxysmal cough has ceased. 



BV-LAWS 



OF THE 



SCHOOL BOARD 



OF THE 



CITY OF RICHMOND, VA 



BV-LAWS 

Of the School Board of the City 
of Richmond, Va. 



ARTICLE I.— Meetings. 

1. The regular meetings of the Board 
of Trustees shall be held on the fourth 
Thursday in each month. 

2. Special meetings may be called 
as hereinafter provided. 

ARTICLE II. — Officers of the Boaed. 

The oflScers of the Board of Trustees 
shall be a Chairman, a Vice-Chairman, 
a Superintendent, an Assistant Super- 
intendent, and a Clerk and Supervisor. 

ARTICLE III. — Oeder of Business. 

At all stated meetings of the Board 
the business shall be announced by 
the presiding officer in the following 
order: 

1. Calling the Roll, and noting mem- 
bers present and absent. 

2. Reading and Approving the Min- 
utes. 



61 



62 



3. Petitions. 

4. Superintendent's Report. 

5. Reports of Standing Committees. 

6. Reports of Special Committees. 

7. Unfinished Business. 

8. Communications. 

9. New Business. 

ARTICLE IV.— QuoEUM. 

A majority of tlie Trustees shall con- 
stitute a quorum necessary for the 
transaction of business. 

ARTICLE V. — Duties of the Chaie- 

MAN. 

1. The Chairman and Vice-Chairman 
of the Board of Trustees shall be elect- 
ed annually, at the regular meeting 
in the month of April, or at the next 
regular meeting of the Board. 

2. The Chairman shall preside at 
all meetings of the Board. 

3. He shall appoint all committees,, 
except when otherwise ordered by the 
Board, 

4. He shall sign all warrants and 
reports of the Board, and the minutes, 
when approved by the Board. 

5. He shall call special meetings of 
the Board at his own discretion, or 



63 



when requested by two members of 
the Board. 

6. He shall act as the organ of com- 
munication between the School Board 
and the City Council, 

7. He shall visit each group of 
schools at least once each session, and 
exercise a general supervision over the 
"Public School System" of this city. 

8. In the absence of the Chairman, 
his powers and duties shall devolve 
on the Vice-Chairman. 

9. In the absence of the Chairman 
and the Vice-Chairman the Board shall 
elect a presiding officer whose duties 
shall be the same as those of the Chair- 
man. 

ARTICLE VI. — Duties of the Supee- 

INTENDENT. 

The Superintendent shall perform 
the following duties, and be governed 
by the following rules, in addition to 
those required by State law: 

1. He shall act under the advice and 
direction of the Board of Trustees, and 
shall have the superintendence of all 
the educational interests of the Public 
Schools of this city. 

2. He shall see that all necessary 
school registers, books of record, and 
blanks for the use of teachers, are 



64 



prepared and ready to be furnished 
when needed. 

3. The Superintendent shall prepare 
an Outline of Courses of Study to be 
used in the schools of the city and 
submitted to the Board for its ap- 
proval. 

4. He shall keep a register giving 
the names of the graduates of the 
Richmond High School and the Colored 
High and Normal School with as com- 
plete a record as can be obtained. 

5. He shall visit each of the school 
buildings under his care once each half 
session, and inquire into the general 
management and discipline of the 
schools. He shall report to the proper 
committee anything requiring atten- 
tion or amendment. 

6. He shall make monthly reports in 
writing to the Board of all his official 
acts. 

7. The office hours of the Superin- 
tendent shall be from 9 to 11 A. M. 
daily. 

8. He shall make his annual report 
to the Board at the regular meeting 
in August of each year. 

9. He shall call the teachers and 
principals together at least once in two 
months, and as much oftener as he 
may judge proper, to consult with 
them and instruct them in their duties. 



65 



10. The Superintendent shall be the 
medium of communication between the 
teachers and the Board, and between 
parents and the Board; provided, that 
in all cases of difference between teach- 
ers and the Superintendent or between 
parents and the Superintendent, an 
appeal may be made to the Board 
through any member thereof. 

11. He shall be the medium of com- 
munication between the State Superin- 
tendent of Public Instruction and the 
School Board. 

12. The Superintendent shall receive 
from the principals the reports re- 
quired of them by May 1st in each 
year, as to work of teachers and sub- 
stitutes employed by them during the 
session, and after examination shall 
transmit them to the Committee on 
Teachers and Schools for examination 
and classification, and for presenta- 
tion to the Board before the annual; 
election of teachers in June; or at such 
other time as an election shall be ne- 
cessary. 

13. He shall have power (subject to 
the approval and direction of the 
Board) to assign the teachers elected 
by the Board to the several schools, 
and also to transfer them from one 
school to another. 



66 



ARTICLE VII. — Duties of Assistant 
Superintendent. 

1. To act under the direction of the 
Superintendent, and in the absence of 
that officer, to perform all the duties 
appertaining to his office, except such 
as are specifically assigned to the Su- 
perintendent by State law. 

2. To visit the several schools, as 
often as practicable, to ascertain their 
condition, as to supervision, instruc- 
tion, discipline, ventilation, sanitation, 
etc. 

3. To observe carefully the methods 
of instruction and discipline pursued 
by the teachers in the several schools, 
and to give them such advice and as- 
sistance as he may deem necessary. 

4. To report to the Superintendent 
monthly, or oftener, if necessary, in 
writing, relative to the efficiency of 
the principals and teachers, and the 
condition of the classes visited by him 
— such reports to be kept in the office 
of the Superintendent for the inspec- 
tion of the Board or the Committees. 

5. To make to the Superintendent 
an annual report covering the work 
of the session and embodying such 
suggestions as may be necessary for 
the enlargement and improvement of 
the work. 



67 



6, To perform such other special du- 
ties as may be assigned him by the 
Superintendent or the Board. 

ARTICLE VIII. — Duties of the Clebk 
AND Supervisor. 

1. The Clerk and Supervisor shall be 
elected annually, in the month of April 
or May; his term of office to begin on 
the 1st of August ensuing. 

2. He shall execute a bond to the 
Board in the penal sum of $20,000, 
with some responsible bond or security 
company as surety, to be approved by 
the Board. 

3. He shall keep a record of the pro- 
ceedings of all meetings of the Board. 

4. He shall cause written or printed 
notices of all regular and special meet- 
ings to be sent to each member of the 
Board and of the Committees. 

5. He shall keep safely all books, 
papers, reports pertaining to his office, 
and proceedings belonging to the 
Board, and shall furnish copies of any 
papers when required for publication 
or other purposes by the Board. 

6. He shall disburse the pay of prin- 
cipals, teachers, and janitors; audit 
and endorse all accounts against the 
Board; draw and countersign all war- 
rants and checks, and pay all bills ap- 
proved by the Finance Committee and 



68 



ordered by the Board, taking receipts 
therefor. 

7. He shall be the purchasing agent 
of the School Board of the city of Rich- 
mond, and shall purchase and distri- 
bute all supplies, furniture, etc., which 
have been ordered by the Board or the 
proper committee. He shall take prop- 
er care of all supplies on hand. 

8. He shall keep a set of books, with 
classified and detailed accounts of all 
receipts and expenditures, 

9. It shall be the duty of the Clerk 
and Supervisor to take the school 
census, as provided by State law. 

10. He shall discharge such other du- 
ties, in connection with the administra- 
tion of the "Public iSchools of the City 
of Richmond," as may be required of 
him by the School Board, or as pro- 
vided by State law. 

11. He shall keep regular office 
hours. 

12. He shall act as secretary of all 
the standing committees, and keep a 
record of their proceedings in separate 
books kept for that purpose. 

13. He shall, at each regular meet- 
ing of the School Board, submit a 
classified statement in writing of the 
amount of all disbursements made by 
him during the preceding month, and 
of all balances on hand. 



69 



14. He shall promptly notify in 
writing the proper State and munici- 
pal authorities of the qualification of 
the members of the Board of Trustees, 
of the election of its officers, and of 
all vacancies in the Board. 

15. He shall be Supervisor of school 
buildings and all other property under 
control of this Board. He shall have 
charge of the same, and see that every- 
thing is kept in good repair, as far 
as the means may be provided. He 
shall be subject to the direction of 
the several committees and responsible 
to the Board. 

16. He shall have charge and con- 
trol of all the janitors, assign them to 
the several school buildings, and see 
that they perform their duties faith- 
fully and efiiciently. He shall report 
to the Board or the Committee on 
Buildings and Furniture any and all 
failures on the part of the janitors 
in the performance of the duties pre- 
scribed by the Board or legitimately 
pertaining to their positions. 

ARTICLE IX. — Standing Committees. 

The Board shall have the following 
standing committees, whose members 
shall be appointed annually, in the 
month of April or May, by the chair- 
man: 



70 

1. Committee on Teachers and 
Schools, consisting of four members. 

2. Committee on Buildings and Fur- 
niture, consisting of four members. 

3. Committee on Finance, consisting 
of three members. 

4. Committee on Award of Scholar- 
ships, consisting of three members. 

5. The chairman of this Board and 
the City Superintendent and Assistant 
Superintendent shall be ex-officio mem- 
bers of the Committee on Teachers and 
Schools, without the power to vote. 

6. Expenditures "by Committees. — 
The several committees of the Board 
are hereby instructed that they are not 
authorized to make any expenditures 
or contracts unless the money is to 
the credit of the committee to cover 
the same, without the express permis- 
sion of the Board. 

ARTICLE X. — Duties of the Commit- 
tee ON Teachers and Schools. 

1. The Committee on Teachers and 
Schools shall, at a meeting to be held 
not later than June 1st of each year, 
make a rating for teachers and prin- 
cipals — for the work of that session — 
and shall notify all teachers who shall 
have received a marking of less than 
No. 1, at once as to their rating. They 
shall report their findings to the Board 
for final approval. ^ 



71 



2. Prior to the election of teachers 
and principals, each year, this com- 
mittee shall submit a schedule of sala- 
ries for adoption by the Board, 

3. (a) All charges affecting the fit- 
ness, qualifications, competency or con- 
duct of any of the teachers or princi- 
pals, unless otherwise ordered by the 
Board, shall be investigated by this 
committee, who shall report to the 
Board as soon as possible such action 
as they may deem necessary. 

(b) This committee shall con- 
sider and report upon all matters re- 
lating to the instruction and discipline 
of the schools. 

4. The Committee on Teachers and 
Schools shall receive and pass upon 
all requisitions made by the Supervi- 
sor for books for indigent pupils and 
for school purposes; for printing, sta- 
tionery, advertising, diplomas, honor 
cards, badges, certificates, etc., and 
audit and approve all bills for the 
same. 

5. This committee shall meet twice 
a month, or oftener, at such time as 
shall be designated by the committee. 

ARTICLE XI. — Duties of Committee 
ON Buildings and Furniture. 

1. The Committee on Buildings and 



72 



Furniture shall provide school-houses 
or rooms for the schools established 
by order of the Board, and see that 
the same are kept in good repair and 
well supplied with furniture, through 
the Supervisor, when means are pro- 
vided. The committee shall receive 
and pass upon the requisitions for sup- 
plies, repairs, etc., presented by the 
Supervisor in his written statement, 
and shall audit and approve all bills 
for the same. 

2. The committee shall, through the 
Supervisor, see that the school rooms 
are properly warmed and ventilated, 

'and the grounds and buildings kept 
in good order. 

3. The committee shall have charge 
of all new buildings in process of erec- 
tion, and all necessary alterations of 
the present buildings. They shall 
study the most economical, as well as 
the most commodious and comfortable 
arrangements that can be made for 
the welfare of the schools under the 
jurisdiction of the Board. 

4. It shall be the duty of this com- 
mittee to have recorded, in a book 
provided for that purpose, a full aad 
accurate description, with location, of 
all the real estate owned by the city 
for school purposes, and under the con- 



73 



trol of this Board, and in like manner 
a complete inventory of all school fur- 
niture and other property for the use 
of public schools. Annual reports of 
the same shall be made to the Board 
in the month of August. This com- 
mittee shall meet once a month, or 
oftener, at such time as shall be fixed 
by the committee. 

ARTICLE XII.— Duties of the Fi- 
nance Committee. 

1. This committee shall audit all 
pay-rolls, and shall countersign all ac- 
counts properly certified from other 
committees. 

2. This committee shall prepare all 
estimates for annual or special appro- 
priations, prior to their presentation 
to the Board and to the City Council. 

3. (a) Each year, as soon as prac- 
ticable after the appropriation has 
been made by the City Council, this 
committee shall place to the credit of 
the Committees on Buildings and Fur- 
niture and on Teachers and Schools 
the amounts that in their judgment 
can be spared from the appropriation 
made by the City Council for general 
expenses, etc. The said amounts are 
to be used by the Committees on Build- 
ings and Furniture and on Teachers 



74 



and Sclaools, respectively, in the proper 
discharge of the duties devolved upon 
these committees by the laws of the 
Board. 

(b) The Finance Committee shall 
classify the amounts credited as above 
under the following heads: 

Buildings and Furniture. — General 
Supplies, General Repairs, Fuel, Rent, 
Manual Training and Kindergarten, 
Furniture, Improvements and New 
Buildings, and Contingencies. 

Teachers and Schools. — Printing, Ad- 
vertising, Stationery, Diplomas, Honor 
Cards, Badges, Certificates, etc. 

4. This committee shall examine the 
Clerk and Supervisor's books, accounts, 
vouchers, and documents, and report 
thereon at the regular meeting in Au- 
gust of each year, and oftener, if re- 
quired. 

5. This committee shall meet month- 
ly, or oftener, at such time as shall 
be fixed by the committee. 

ARTICLE XIII. — Duties of the Com- 
mittee ON Award of Scholarships. 

1. This Committee shall determine 
the award of Scholarships by the 
record of the Pupils for the entire 
High School Course. 

2. This committee shall meet before 
the annual closing exercises or oftener 
if necessary. 



75 

ARTICLE XIV.— Tuition Fund. 

All money due for tuition shall be 
collected by the Clerk, and deposited 
in a responsible bank, to be designated 
by the Board, and shall be drawn by 
check signed by the Chairman of the 
Board and countersigned by the Clerk, 
and shall be used in the purchase of 
books for indigent pupils and for such 
other school purposes as the Board 
may direct. 

ARTICLE XV.— Janitors. 

The term of Janitors shall be for 
one year from the 1st of August. They 
shall perform all duties required of 
them; and in case of absence or in- 
ability shall furnish a substitute satis- 
factory to the Board. They may be 
removed for cause at the pleasure of 
the Board. 

ARTICIiE XVI.— Amendments. 

All amendments to these By-Laws 
shall be submitted at a regular meet- 
ing of the Board, and shall be laid 
on the table until the next regular 
meeting: provided that, by unanimous 
consent, amendments may be consider- 
ed and acted on at the meeting at 
which they may be offered. 

All rules or regulations heretofore 
adopted which are in conflict with 
these rules are hereby repealed. 



Index to Rules and Regulations. 



A 

SECTION. 

Absence of Pupils 19 

Excuse for, required 30 

Principal to investigate 30 

Notify parents 30 

Unexcused absence for two days 32 

Absence of teachers 27 

Absence of Principal 26 

Admission of resident children 1 

Admission of Kindergarten pupils.. 1 

Admission of non-resident children 2, 3, 4 

Admission of visitors 64 

Admission of partisan and sectarian 

questions 52 

Admission of advertisements, &c... 66 

Admission of notices, &c 66 

Advertisements prohibited 66 

Appeals to the Board 68 

Applications for books 16 

Authority of Superintendent over 

Principals and teachers 38 

Authority of Principal over teach- 
ers 39 

Assignment of teachers 43 

Attendance 19 



77 



78 
B 

SECTION. 

Board, School— By-Laws (pages 59-71). 

Appeals to 68 

Reports to — on teachers 46 

Reports to— on substitutes 46 

Supply books 16 

Books — 

For indigents 16 

Provided by pupils 15 

Stationery, &c 17 

Conduct 73 

Buildings— Location (page 5). 



C 



Cards— Registration 7 

Certificates of proficiency and at- 
tendance 90 

Certificate, Physician's 24, 83 

In cases of contagious diseases.. 11 

Certificates, Tax — 

Filed with Clerk 3 

Class punishment 76 

Clerk and Supervisor — 

Authority over janitor 105 

Authority required for admission 

of non-residents 3 

Authority required for absence of 

janitor 105 

File tax receipts 3 



79 

SECTION. 

Clerk and Supervisor — Continued. 
To be notified of needed repairs 

and supplies 57 

To be notified of damage, loss, 

&c. , of property 105 

To receive reports about non-.. 

residents 8 

To receive reports on neglect of 

janitor 61 

Collections — 

Prohibited 66 

Of pupils around buildings 67 

Committee on Teachers and Schools — 

To receive reports on teachers., 46 

Communication with patrons 64 

Communication in examination 87 

Conduct book 73 

Conduct, disorderly, without amend- 
ment 78 

Conduct of pupils on way to and 

from school 67 

Condition of rooms (teachers' re- 
port) 58 

Condition of building (principals' re- 
port) 57 

Condition of building (janitors' re- 
port) 105 

Contagious diseases 11, 12, 14 

Corporal punishment 1 . . . 81 

D 

Damage and loss of property 71 



80 

SECTION. 

Dangerous weapons 70 

Death of pupils (register of) 9 

Defacing property 71 

Delicate pupils ; 24 

Demerits— District Schools. 

Suspension for 74 (d) 

Record of 73 

How given 74 (e) (f ) 

Notice to parents 74 (a) (b) (c) 

High School 75 

Destruction of property 71 

Diplomas— High School 91 

Discipline — 

Teacher to maintain 63 

Teacher responsible 39 

Principal responsible 41 

Diseases — Contagious 11, 12, 14 

Disorderly conduct and non-attend- 
ance 78 

Districts— Pupils confined to 5 

Drills— Fire 51 

Dropping of Pupils — 

Authority for 36 

In case of contagious diseases.. 11 

In case of two days' absence... 32 

In case of Religious holidays... 36 

Duties of janitors. (See Janitors.) 
Duties of. Principals. (See Principals.) 
Duties of pupils. (See Pupils.) 
Duties of Superintendent. (See Su- 
perintendent.) 
Duties of teachers. (See Teachers.) 



81 



SECTION. 

Errands — Sending of pupils on 65 

Examination of classes by Princi- 
pal 40 

Excursions 66 

Examination — 

Directions (general) 87 

Directions to Principals 87 

Directions to teachers 87 

Directions to pupils 87 

Extra Examination 86 

Exclusion of Pupils— 

For contagious diseases and epi- 
lepsy 11, 13 

For failure to return books .... 16 

Expulsion of Pupils— 

For demerits 74 <g) 

For two suspensions.... 80 

For use of profane or unchaste 

language 68 

For failure to amend 78 

Extras 82. 



F 



Fire-drills 51 

Floors to be clean 105 

Funerals— Attendance on 25 

Furloughs 29 



Gifts prohibited 
"Going out" . . 
G r a d u a tion 

School . . . , 
Guardians 



82 
G 

SECTION. 

52 

83 

requirements — High 



H 

Heftting— 

Janitor's duty as to 105 

Teacher's duty as to 62 

Principal's duty as to 62 

Hints to Public School Teachers 
(pages 53-57). 

Holidays 56 

Honors 90, 91 

Hours for recess 21, 22 

Hours of opening 21,22 

Hours of closing 21 

Hour of arrival of Principal 23 

Hour of arrival of teachers 23 



Improve — Failure to 

Indigents — 

Furnished books 

How to apply 

Injury of property. (See Damage.) 
Inspections 



78 

16 
16 

57 



83 

SECTION. 

Interruption of teachers 64 

Interviews in presence of Principal 64 
Investigation of absence and tardi- 
ness 30 



Janitors— Duties, etc 105 

Must not receive presents 52 



K 



"Keeping in" at recess 84 

Kindergarten pupils 1 

Kindergarten Supervisor 103 



Late pupils 21 

Language — Profane or unchaste 68 

Leaving room during school hours. . 83 

Lectures prohibited 66 

Location of Buildings (page 5). 

Loss and damage of property 71 



M 



Manual Training — Supervisor 103 

Management— Principal's responsi- 
bility for 41 

Marking or writing about premises. 72 

Marking register 85 



84 

SECTION. 

Meetings of teachers 55 

Meetings of Principals 55 

Monitors ^" 

Music— Supervisor 1^3 

N 
Neglect of Duty- 



Janitors 



61 
39 



Teachers 

Night Schools 1^^ 

Non-attendance and disorderly con- 



duct 



78 



Non-residents 2, 3, 4 

Notes of excuse required 30, 33, 34 

Notes of excuse to be preserved 34 

Notes of excuse validity of 34 

Notices (giving of) prohibited 66 

O 

Opening bell 21, 22 

Opening hours 21, 22 

Order in class-room ^^ 

Order in halls, yards, &c 42 

Organization '** 

"Outs" ^^ 



Parents — 

Communications with 64 



85 

SECTION. 

Parents— Continued 

Indigent 16 

Interviews between teachers and 64 
Must give excuses for absence 

and tardiness, &c., of pupils.. 30 

Must not give presents 52 

Non-resident 2 

Notified of pupils' absence 31 

Notified of pupils demerits 74 (a) (b) (c) 
Residence and occupation — regis- 
ter of 7 

Partisan questions excluded 52 

Patrons — Day 49 

Pay of substitutes 101 

Penalties. (See Punishment.) 

Physician's certificate 11, 24, 83 

Physician (city) 14 

Pledge 87 

Presents — Receiving and giving of . . 52 

Principal — Duties and Powers of — 

Arrange for school in his absence 26 
Attend meetings of Superintend- 
ent 55 

Authority ovep teachers 39 

Confer with and instruct teach- 
ers 39 

. Drop pupils 36 

Employ substitutes 102 

Examine classes 40 

Examine conduct books monthly 73 

Forward lists of non-residents... 8 



86 

KBCTION. 

Principal— Duties and Powers of— Con. 

Have Fire Drills 51 

Have opening bell rung 21 

Inspect premises 57 

Judge of validity of excuses 34 

Keep registration cards 7 

Make programs and forward same 44 
Make report of contagious dis- 
eases 11 

Make report on substitutes 47 

Make report on teachers 46 

Make report of tardiness of 

teachers and himself 23 

Make report of needed repairs 

and supplies 57 

Make report of injured property 71 

Make report on janitors 61 

Make monthly reports. 45 

Make rules 42 

Medium of communication 64 

Must not receive presents 52 

. Notify parents of absence of pu- 
pils ......... 31 

Notify parents of demerits given 
, 74 (a) (b) (c) 
. Notify Superintendent of demerit- 

, ed pupils 74 (d) 

Organize and assign 43 

- Read rules 37 

Regulate clocks 20 

Responsible for discipline....... 41 

See after ventilation and heating 62 



87 



SECTieN. 

Principal — Duties and Powers of — Con. 

Supervise school property.. 57 

Suspend 77 

Time of arrival 23 

Under authority of Superintend- 
ent 38 

To Supervising and Pupil Teach- 
er 93 

Profane or unchaste language 68 

Proficiency— Certificates of 90 

Programs 44 

Prohibitions — 

Of sales, collections, &c 66 

Of partisan and sectarian ques- 
tions 52 

Of visitors 64 

Of sending pupils on errands... 65 

Of use of tobacco 69 

Of recommending pads, etc 18 

Promotions— Regulations for Disti'ict 

Schools 85 

Promotions — Regulations for High 

Schools 88 

Property — Injury of 71 

Punishment — 

Corporal 81 

Of whole class 76 

For absence 32 

For carrying dangerous weapons 70 

For truancy and tardiness 35 



88 

SECTION. 

Punishment — Continued. 

For injuring and destroying prop- 
erty 71 

For non-attendance and disorder- 
ly conduct 78 

For profane or unciiaste language 68 

For second suspension 80 

For demerits 74 (d) 

For cheating in examination... 87 

Pupils- 
Absence of 30 

Admission of 1, 2, 3, 4 

Carelessness of 78 

Collections of prohibited 67 

Confined to districts 5 

Delicate 24 

Duties of — 

Attendance 19 

Attendance on funerals 25 

Books clean, slates covered, 

&c 16 

Bring excuses 30 

Conduct 19, 30, 32, 35, 67, 68, 

69, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 78 

"Going out" 83 

Leaving school 25, 33 

Provide books, &c 15 

Excluded for contagious diseases 11 
Excluded for other reasons. (See 

Suspensions.) 

Indigent ]6 



89 



SECTION. 

Obstinacy and quarreling of.... 78 

Tardiness of 21,30 

Transfer of 6 

Truancy of 35 

Under rules on way to and from 
school 41, 67 

Q 

Quarreling of pupils 78 

Questions- 
Examination 87 

Partisan and sectarian 52 

Qualifications of — 

Principals 96 

Teachers— High School 97 

Teachers— District Schools 99 

Specialists 98 

R 

Recess 21, 42 

Register, School— How marked .... 85 

Register of sickness and death, etc 9 

Registration of pupils 7 

Registration of non-residents 7 

Regulation of clocks 20 

Regulations for certificates, honors, 

&c 90 

Regulations for promotion and grad- 
uation 85, 89 

Jlegul^tions for marking i*egister ... 85 



90 

SECTION. 

Regulations for examination 86, 87 

Repairs 57 

Reports of Principal 45 

Contagious diseases 11 

Pupils excluded or suspended 11, 68, 77 

Pupils for injury to property . . 71 
Pupils demerited, to parents 

74 (a) (b) (c) 

Pupils non-resident 8 

Tardy teachers 23 

His own absence and tardiness. .26, 23 

On substitutes 47 

On teachers 46 

On janitors 61 

Reports of Teachers.— 

Condition of rooms 60 

Damage to property 58 

Inability to attend 27 

Pupils needed to be excluded. .. .11, 13 

Tardiness 23 

. Teacher's monthly 45 

Reports (Janitor's)— Damage to prop- 
erty 105 

Resident pupils 1 

Requisites for admission of pupils 1, 2, 3, 4 

Rewards 82 

Rights of pay pupils 4 

Rules in force on streets 41 

Rules— Study and observance of re- 
quired i i ...... . 37 

Rules to be read by Principals 37 

Rules, special, made by Principal.. 42 

Rules governing Reserve List 100 



91 

S 



SECTION^ 

Sales, &c., prohibited 66 

Schedule of values 85 

Scholarships 92 

School Board. (See Board.) 

Sectarian questions 52 

Signal for closing school 48 

Sickness of Pupils — 

Register of 9 

When to report 11, 12 

Sickness of teachers 11, 11 (b) (c> 

Slates la 

Substitutes and Reserves 100 

Paj' of Substitutes ............. 101 

For Principal 26 

Reports on 47 

Superintendent — 

Action prescribed in case of con- 
tagious diseases 11, 12, 13 

Action prescribed in case of indi- 
gent books not returned 16 

Action prescribed in case of non- 
attendance and disorderly con- 
duct of pupils 78 

Action prescribed in case of pro- 
fane or unchaste language of 

pupils 68 

Appoint day of examination.... 87 

Approve transfers 6 



92 

SECTION. 

Superintendent — Continued 

Autiiority for calling meetings of 
principals 55 

Authority for calling meetings of 
teachers 55 

Authority over Principals and 
teachers 38 

Authority required for change of 
examination questions 87 

Authority required for collections 66 

Authority required for distribu- 
tion of advertisements and cir- 
culars 66 

Authority required for getting 
up of exhibitions, &c 66 

Authority required for notices.. 66 

Authority required for return of 
suspended pupils 79 

Authority I'equired for sales ... 66 

Authority required for subscrip- 
tions 66 

Authority required for visiting of 
teachers with pupils 66 

Assign reserve teachers 100 

Notified of injury and destruction 
of property 71 

Notified of inability or inefficien- 
cy of teachers 39, 46 

Notified , of Principal's absence 
and . tardiness .23, 26 

Notified of pupils habitually care- 
less, ,4c 78 



93 

SECTION. 

Superintendent— Continued 

Notified of pupils using bad lan- 
guage (J8 

Notified of pupils to be suspended 

Notified of pupils suspended 

Reports to be handed him— 

Principal's monthly reports.. 45 
Teachers' monthly reports . . 45 

Program 44 

Report on substitutes 47 

Report on teachers (annual) . . 46 
Report on teachers (special). .39, 46 

Supervision of school property .... 57 

Supervisor. (See Clerk.) 

Supervisors of — 

Kindergarten . 103 

Music 103 

Manual Training 103 

Pupil teachers 95 

Supplies — 

Not to be recommended to pupils 18 

Needed for schools 57 

Janitor responsible for 105 

Suspensions by Principal in extreme 

cases 77 

Suspensions — 

For demerits 74 (d), 75 

For carrying dangerous weapons 70 

For truancy and tardiness 35 



94 

SECTION. 

Suspensions — Continued 

For carelessness, &c., without 

amendment 78 

For injury to school property.. 71 
For use of profane or unchaste 

language 68 

For cheating in examination.... 87 

Result of two 80 

Of indigents for failure to return 

books 16 

How return after 79 



T 



Tardiness of Pupils— 

When tardy 21, 22 

To be investigated 30 

"When like truancy 35 

Tardiness of principals 23 

Tardiness of teachers 23 

Tax credits to non-residents 3 

Teacher— Duties when Principal is 

absent 26 

Teachers and Schools. (See Commit- 
tee on.) 
Teachers — 

Assignment of 43 

Conversatipns with 64 

Duties of— 

Assist Principal 41, 59 

Attendance 19 



95 

SECTION. 

Duties of — Continued. 

Attend meetings 55 

Malie monthly reports 45 

Maintain discipline 63 

Must not be interrupted .... 64 
Must not get up entertain- 
ments, &c 66 

Preserve excuses 34 

Read and study rules and reg- 
ulations 37 

Report their sickness, &c. . . 27 

Report condition of rooms . . 60 

■ Report their tardiness 23 

Responsible for discipline . . 39 

Study and observe rules .... 37 

Keep conduct book 73 

Excluded for contagious diseases 11 

Furloughs of 29 

Interruption of 64 

Interviews 64 

Prohibited from receiving gifts 52 

Substitutes for teachers 27 

Tinder authority of Principal.... 39 
Under authority of Superintend- 
ent 38 

Telephones, use of 54 

Time— Standard of 20 

Tobacco— Use of prohibited 69 

Transfers 6 

Truanci es 35 

Tuition— cost of 2 



96 
V 



SECTION. 

Unchaste or profane language 68: 

Unexcused absence— Teacher and 

Principal v 28 



V 



Vaccination of pupils 10 

Validity of excuses 34 

Values of studies (page 35). 

Ventilation and heating 62^ 

Visitors— Admission of 64 

W 

Weapons— Dangerous 70 

Writing or marking about premises 72 

Writing of improper language 68 

Writing tablets 17 



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